Liquid fuel burner



LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed May 26. 1941 Emma z (imam/"635M111,

m M (Jim Mummy:

casing'l2'i's an innercasing thandoor ll -bummorburnorw.

* Patented-Sept. 12, 1944' a I I UNlT-ED T Sr-Ares mrrur muses I Q I. uouro r t i wnnna I Q A Bertrand BJKahn, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to e The Estate Stove Company, Hamilton, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application May 26, 194 Serial no. 395,277

Claims. (01. .15a-s'1) This invention relates to'heating devices and or pop 26 having imperforate side and bottom burners therefor, and more particularly to oil burners and heating devices, utilizing the: same.

It is the principahobject ofthe invention to provide an oil burner adapted to operate, unixformly, efficiently, and without objectionable noise over a wide range of burning conditions and with regulated combustion from a low or stand-by rate up to the maximum rate for which the burner is designed.

It is a further obje'ctto provide such a burner in which a properly regulated operation con-- tinues notwithstanding the collection-of a body of unburned fuel therein as may occur with a'temporary reduction in the rate of burning, caused for example by the opening of the door of the heater or in some other manner reducing the draft conditions.

' 'It is a-further objectto provide such a burner which will operate over the desired wide rangeof burning rates without objectionable production walls, and into which fuel is supplied from a fuel I pipe 21, a suitable starting pad '26 formed of asbestos or the like being preferably positioned on the bottom of the pan 26 for facilitating the,

lighting of the burner in a cold condition when fuel is supplied thereto.

In order to provide for the proper operation of vthe burner at low rates of combustion, such v This pilot ring is preferably removably positioned ing inwardly from the wall of the bowl and adaptof noise or formation, of carbon deposits upon the o burner walls, and with high efficiency.

Other objects and advantages oif-the invention" will be apparentfrom the following'description, the accompanyingdrawing, and the appended claims.

In the drawing", f

' Fi 1 is a view in section and partially in side elevation, showing a heater and burner arrangement constructed in accordance with the present invention; 4

F18. 2'is a detailed horizontal sectional view through the burner above the pilot ring with por-,

tionsof the burner wan broken awa to more clearly show the construction.

as for stand-by conditions where a minimum rate of burning is desired, merely sufllclent to maintain combustion, a pilot ring is suitably supported within the lowercombustion chamber.

within the burner and supported at approximately the level'of the top of the bowl'by suitable means such as apluraiity of pins 3| projected to receive and support the ring thereon. 'Satisfactory results are attained with a ring formed with a horizontally extending annular portion adapted to closely approach the side wall of the bowl and to substantially close off communication around the periphery of the bowl, except 5 through the apertures to be hereinafter described.

At its central portion,- the pilot ring is preferably formed with an upstanding neck 32 defining a central aperture of suitable size in relation to v upper combustion chamber" defined by a sub- Referring to the drawing which illustrates a preferred embodimentof the invention, there is l3. An'access door it is mounted on the casinfl, and a top outlet grill II provide for egress of the heated air currents. Spacedfmm the outer 2l havingan access door 2| in alignment with and somewhat smaller so that by opening both doors access may be secured-to the interior of the inner casing 20. .Aflue 22 extends outwardly casing from the top of the inner casing 2| providing for venting the products ofcombustion.

A flange 24 projecting inwardly from the wall of casing 20 provides .a support for the burner proper, indicated generally by numeral 25. The t consists of a .bottom;bowl

through theouter' "the base and provided with lower louver openings the sp ci g of the pilot ring above the bottom of the bowl to provide for transmission of the proper quantities of heat to-the bottom of the bowl for vaporizing the freshly introduced fuel.

Above the bowl, the burner is provided with an stantially cylindrical side-wall l8 terminating in an upwardly and-outwardly extending flange 21 which is received in supporting relation upon the flange 24, the burner thus being adapted to be readily assembled and removed from its operative position within the heater.

' The side wall 38 of the burner defining the upper combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of perforations 40. These perforations include a lower uniformly distributed group ll which are preferably given a downward inclination as illustrated in -Flg. 1, preferably being formed with the axis of each such hole at approximately a 45 angle as shown,-so that they tend to direct their airstreams inwardly and downwardly. In order to provide for the supply of combustion. airfroin above the ring into the,

lower combustion space; aseries of'ape'rtures 42 is preferably provided in 'the'periphery of the pilot ring in substantial register with the perforations ll, suitable inde'xing'meanssuch as pin 42a'being pmvided'for'maintalning the ring in proper predetermined'angular relation with respect to said perforations. Preferably the number of corresponding perforations II and apertures 42 are so limited that under stand-by apertures 42 formed in the pilot ring so, the

latter. r nsha i s aninternal diameter of it aperture of approximately 4to 5 inches. A similar number'of apertures 40' (inthis case 48 in number, each having a cross sectional area of .007543 square inch) was present in each of the several series thereof, while the number of air operation. In the construction shown a total of 252 such apertures 45 was provided each having a cross sectional area of .007238 square inch,

' pending in the path of the air streams irom said upper air inlet apertures for baifling and limiting. the flow of air fromsaid upper air inlet aper- -inlet apertures was increased as required to supply the necessary oxygen for assuring proper combustion conditions under varying-rates of The depth of the portion 53 of the cover plate 50 was approximately of an inch below the level of the top of the cover plate, the diameter of the central aperture 54 of this plate being approximately 7% inches. With other burner sizes,

factory results.

While the form of apparatus herein described constitutes a,v preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention, is not limited to' this precise form of apparatus,

and that changes may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is: 1. In a combustion device of the character described, a liquid fuel burner comprising a lower combustion chamber for receiving the liquid fuel and having an imperforate side wall, a pilot ring forming the top wall. of said lower combustion chamber and having a centrally located aperture therein, an upper combustion chamber having a side wall with perforations therein providing corresponding and similarly proportioned constructions have been found to give highly satislower and upper air inlets for the introduction of the air needed to complete combustion, a portion of said lower air inlet openings being formed to direct the air streams therefrom inwardly and downwardly to the space below said pilot ring, said pilot ring having peripherally located apertures providing'for the passage of combustion air therebeneath, an upper cover plate having a central aperture overlying the top of said burner and spaced from said pilot ring above viding lower and upper airinlets through which the entire supply of combustion air is introduced, a portion of said lower air inlet openings being formed. to direct the air streams therefrom inwardly and downwardly to the lower combustion chamber, said pilot ring having peripherally located apertures providing for the passage of combustion air therebeneath, an upper cover plate overlying the top. of said burner and spaced from said pilot ring above the uppermost of said air inlet apertures, said cover plate having. an outer annular portion adjacent the periphery of said combustion chamber and an inner portion located centrally of said annular portion and. dc

tures. r

3. A burner for liquid fuel adapted for efllcient and quiet operation at both low and high rates of combustion comprising a burner pot having a generally-cylindrical wall the lower portion of which is imperforate, a pilot ring within said lower portion'deflning the top of a lower space and having a central aperture therein for the upward passage of the flame and heated gases therethrough, means for introducing liquid fuel into said lower space, said cylindrical wall above the level of said pilot ring havingair inlet openings formedtherein, a cover plate overlying and closing the top of said pot, said plate having a flat outer part adjacent said cylindrical wall and extending inwardly toward and normal to the axis thereof, said cover plate also having an inner downwardly inclined'portion extending" below the level of the uppermost of said air inlet apertures and leaving a central opening above and in sub-- stantial alignment with said central aperture in said pilot ring to provide direct upward flow of the flame and hot gases while avoiding interference from direct inward flow of air from the uppermost of said air inlet apertures providing freedom from disturbance of combustion and occurrence ,of segregation and striations in the upwardly flowing gases.

'4. In a combustion ,device of the character described, a burner pot having air inlet openings distributed over and confined to the side wall thereof, means to introduce liquid fuel into the lower part of said pot to be vaporized, a cover on the top of said pot closing the side wall thereof above said air. inlet openings, said. cover extending a substantial di 'tance radially inwardly I at the top of said pot above the level of said air inlet openings to provide for the supply of fair inwardly through said openings in a substantially radial direction, said cover also having an inner portion depending downwardly to approximately the level of the upper of said air inlet openings and defining a central opening for the upward passage of the combustible mixture substantially free of objectionable segregation and striations.

5. In a combustion device of the character described, a burner pot having a lower imperforate' wall portion and having air inlet openings dis- I tributed over and confined to the sidewall of said pot above said lower imperforate portion, means to introduce liquid fuel into the lower imperforate 'part of said pot to be vaporized, a pilot ring positioned above' the bottom wall of said pot and within the imperforateportion thereof and having a central opening, a cover on the top of said pot closing the side wall thereof above said air inlet openings, said cover extending a substantial distance radially inwardly at the top of said'pot above the level of said air inlet openings to provide for the supply ofair inwardly through said.

"openings in a substantially rsdialdirection, said cover also having an inner portion depending downwardly to approximately-the level of the upper of said air inlet openings and defining a centralopening for the upward passage of the-combustible mixture substantially "free able segregation and striations.

' BERTRAND of objection! Y 

